Filter



(No Model.)

l J. T. WALLS.

FILTER.

WITNESSES ATTORNEYS.

N. PFIERS, Pnommnognpber. wnnhingcon. D C

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES T. VALLS, OF BUTLER, MISSOURI.

FILTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 342,151, dated May18,1886.

Application filed February 1, 1886. Serial No. 190,877. (No model.)

Tc all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, JAMES T. VALLs, of Butler, in the county of Bates andState of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Improvement inFilters, of which the following is a description.

My invention is an improvement in that class of filters intended for usein connection with ahydrant or elsewhere where the water to be filteredis furnished in a stream, and is cleansed in its passage through theapparatus, and wherein the first portion of water received from saidsource of supply passes directly out of the receiving chamber of thefilter, and cleanses the same, while the water following is directedthrough the filtering or purifying chambers.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination ofparts hereinafter described, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, in which-- Figure 1 is a longitudinalsection of my filter.Fig. 2 is a cross-section thereof drawn through the llteringchambers,and looking toward the end plates thereof.

The main casing A is formed, preferably, cylindrical in crosssection,and is divided longitudinally from its bottom nearly to its top by apartition, B, which divides it into two approximately similar sections,C and D. These sections are provided near their lower ends with outletsl and 2, the former being the outletpipe from the receiving-chamber E.This pipe leads downward from the chamber E, and its outer end is closedby a valve or trap-door, 3, hinged in such manner as to permit water toflow freely out of pipe l, and to prevent the ingress of insects, mice,and the like, which otherwise might crawl into the chamber E and die,thus fouling the said chamber. The case A, it will be seen, is supportedon legs 4, so th at its bottom may be held clear of a supporting-baseand a vessel to receive the purified water from outlet 2, which is thedischarge from section C, and leads from the side thereof close to itslower end. The infeed pipe or tube F leads vertically into section Dfrom the top of and extends close to the bottom of said section, whereit opens into the 5o chamber E directly above the outlet-pipe l.

The inner end or mouth of this opening l is dished or formed concave at5, providing a concave seat for the ball-valve, presently described.Usually the tube F extends above the case A, and is provided at itsupper end with a detachable cap adapted to form a connection with ahydrant or other supply-pipe. Within the upper end of the tube I tremovably the separating-pan G, which has a perforated bottom, 6,adapted to stop any large substances likely to clog the apparatus. Thispan may be held from dropping through the tube F by tapering the lattergradually inward toward its lower end, as shown. From this pan G, Isuspend by spring H the bucket I, to lwhich is connected the rod J. Tothe lower end of rod J, I connect by chain K or other dexible connectionthevalve L,`thesame beingaball (usually of rubber) fitted to valve-seat5, and closing the outlet l when said valve L is lowered. Spring H isformed with sufficient strength to hold the weight of bucket I, rod J,and valve L,so as to secure said valve clear ofits seat when bucket I isempty 5 but when bucket I lls with water the increased weight expandsthe spring, lowering the bucket and valve, so that thelatter will closethe outlet 1. The valveseat of this outlet being concaved, as shown, theball will accurately adj ustthereto and close the outlet. Thus inoperation it will be seen the rst water received flows into the chamberEand directly out thereof without passing through theiiltering-chambers, presently described, while the water received afterbucket I is filled passes through such chambers and is purified. BucketI has a small discharge-opening, t', by which it may slowly empty whenthe supply of water ceases.

Above chamber E is arranged a perforated plate, M, forming the bottom ofchamber N, the top of which is formed by a plate, O.

Perforated plates P and Q form the top and bottom of chamber R, theplate Q being arranged slightly above the discharge 2.

Close to the plate IWI, and usually immediately above the same, Iarrange a felt diaphragm, m, which removes at once all mud and sand fromthe water, and prevents such matter from passing into thefiltering-chamber.

In the chambers N R, I place filtering material-usually gravel,charcoal, and white lakesand in one, and crushed magnesia-stone in IOOIOy

the other. The water, after filling the receiving-chamber, passes upthrough the gravel, charcoal, and sand, and then down through thecrushed magnesia-stone, where it discharges through outlet 2.

A removable cover, S, may be provided, by which access may be had to thefiltering-chambers in order to cleanse or renew the same. To facilitatesuch access it is preferred to support plates M, O, P, and Q on lugsprojecting inwardly from the case.

By dividing the case into equal sections by a central partition thewater-pressure is equalized, and any clogging likely to result from anunequal pressure is avoided.

By arranging the feed-tube Within the case the construction issimplified and cheapened, alljoints likely to become clogged areavoided, and the apparatus may be stored in a smaller space than Wherethe feed-tube is arranged alongside of the filter-case.

The bottom of the pan G forms a perforated diaphragm, and may be easilyremoved.

By supporting the spring bucket and valve directly' from the pan suchdevices may be easily removed for any desired purpose.

The filtering material is preferably disposed as follows: Upon the feltdiaphragm I place a layer of coarse gravel, upon that a layer ofcharcoal, and on that a layer of White lakesand, the sand layer beingusually lof about eight inches in depth, and the other two (charcoal andgravel) of six inches each. It is preferred to use the crushedmagnesia-stone because of the great power such material has toneutralize all offensive odors. By its use stagnant and offensive Watermay be rendered pure, sweet, and free from all germs of disease. It Willbe noticed that the mouth of the pipe which discharges into thefeed-tube is made larger than the bucket I, in order that the waterdischarged into said feedAtube will pass into and also alongside of thebucket. The object in this formation of the discharge-pipe is, that aportion of the iirst Waterv entering the filter will serve to iiush thereceivingchamber E thereof, While the Water contained in the bucket whenthe supply of Water ceases will also iush the said chamber at such time.

Having thus described myinvention, what I claim as new isl. Thecombination, in a flter,with the case, of a valve-carrying bucket and aspring suitably secured at one or its upper end, and having its lowerend connected with the bucket, said spring serving the double purpose ofa connection for the bucket and as a yielding support therefor,substantially as and for the purposes specied.

2. A lter comprising a case, A, a feed-tube leading into andpartially'incased by said case, a valve-carrying bucket located in saidtube, and a spring connected at one end with the feed-tube and at itsother or lower end tov the bucket, said spring being incased Within thetube and serving the double purpose of a connection for the bucket andas a yielding support therefor, substantially as and for the pur posesspeciied.

3. The improved iilter herein described, consisting of the case A,having legs 4, Whereby its bottom is held clear of a support, anoutlet-tube, l, leading. from said case, a check valve or trap in saidtube, a conical seat surrounding the opening into tube l, the bucket,the valve-ball having a chain-connection with the bucket, and a yieldingsupport for the bucket, substantially as set forth.

JAMES T. VALLS.

Witnesses:

B. F. CANTERBURY, S. l). FRANcIsco.

